Y元素对Ni-Cr非晶钎料钎焊金刚石组织和性能的影响

Effect of Element Y on the Organization and Properties of Ni-Cr Amorphous Filler Alloy Brazed Diamond

摘要:

钎焊金刚石工具因化学冶金结合方式而具备较高的结合强度，在陶瓷、半导体和玻璃等硬脆性材料的加工行业及轨道交通、航空航天等领域中拥有广泛的应用前景。虽然Ni基钎料钎焊金刚石工具在结合强度、耐磨性及服役环境方面具有一定的优势，但是较高的钎焊温度和化学侵蚀会对金刚石磨粒造成较为严重的热损伤，从而影响金刚石工具的工作效率和服役寿命。为了降低钎焊过程中金刚石的热损伤，采用掺杂Y元素的Ni-Cr非晶钎料钎焊金刚石，通过SEM研究了钎焊金刚石试样的界面微观形貌，使用拉曼光谱仪分析了钎焊金刚石试样的石墨化程度，同时还探究了钎焊金刚石试样的力学性能。结果表明，当Y元素的质量分数为0.8 %时，钎焊试样的金刚石形貌最为完整，钎焊层硬度最高为533 HV_0.1，金刚石出露度较高为76.2%且石墨化程度较低。另外，Y元素的添加细化了碳化物的尺寸，降低了碳化物微裂纹的产生。相较于未添加Y元素的钎焊试样，添加Y元素的金刚石钎焊试样的抗压强度提升了约50.4%，磨削性能提高了43.5%，金刚石的脱落数量最少。表明，用Y元素掺杂的Ni-Cr非晶钎料可成功制备出钎焊金刚石试样，同时还降低了钎料中的触媒元素对金刚石的侵蚀作用，改善了热损伤和磨削性能。本研究为非晶钎料在钎焊金刚石工具领域中的应用提供了可靠的理论支持，并为相关工业生产提供了新的技术路径，在降低生产成本和推动绿色生产方面具有一定的实际意义。

Abstract:

Brazed diamond tools， characterized by their high bonding strength due to chemical metallurgical bonding， have broad application prospects in the processing of hard and brittle materials such as ceramics， semiconductors， and glass， as well as in rail transportation， aerospace， and other fields. Although Ni-based brazing filler metals have certain advantages in terms of bonding strength， wear resistance， and service environment， the high brazing temperature and chemical erosion can significantly cause thermal damage to diamond abrasive particles， affecting the work efficiency and service life of diamond tools. To reduce the thermal damage of diamond during brazing， Ni-Cr amorphous brazing filler metals doped with Y element were used to braze diamond. The microstructure of the brazed diamond sample interface was studied by SEM， and the graphitization degree of the brazed diamond sample was analyzed using a Raman spectrometer. The mechanical properties of the brazed diamond sample were also investigated. The results showed that when the mass fraction of Y element was 0.8%， the diamond morphology of the brazed sample was the most complete， with the highest hardness of the brazing layer being 533 HV_0.1， a higher exposure rate of 76.2%， and a lower graphitization degree. In addition， the addition of Y element refined the size of carbides and reduced the tendency of carbide microcracks. Compared with the brazing sample without Y element， the compressive strength of diamond increased by about 50.4%， the grinding performance improved by 43.5%， and the number of diamond detachment was the least. Therefore， Y-doped Ni-Cr amorphous brazing filler metals can successfully prepare brazed diamond samples， which reduce the erosion effect of catalyst elements in the brazing filler metals on diamond， improve thermal damage and grinding performance. This study provides reliable theoretical support for the application of amorphous brazing filler metals in the field of brazed diamond tools， and provides a new technical path for related industrial production， which has certain practical significance in reducing production costs and promoting green production.