毛细悬浮液正面银浆制备与丝网印刷助力晶硅太阳能电池降本提效

Capillary Suspension Front Silver Paste Preparation and Screen Printing to Enhance Cost Efficiency of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

摘要:

随着传统能源的不断消耗，可再生绿色能源已成为当前社会发展的主流。太阳能作为一种可再生的清洁能源，具有低成本、清洁环保等优势，被广泛应用于各领域。晶硅太阳能电池是目前可量产的高效电池，其中正面银浆是关键组成部分，直接影响电池效率。目前，通常采用丝网印刷工艺用银浆制备电极栅线。然而，银浆中含有的多种添加剂会对电池性能产生影响。利用毛细管悬浮理论对正面银浆的制备及应用进行探索，通过材料表征、流变性分析和丝网印刷，研究了毛细管悬浮液的形成及组分配比对银浆流变性能和栅线形貌的影响。粘度测试结果显示，不同比例组分对毛细悬浮液银浆的流变性和丝网印刷的电极栅线形貌有显著地影响。采用丝网印刷工艺，利用毛细悬浮液银浆制备出平均宽度为28.62 μm、平均高度为10.53 μm、高宽比为0.37的栅线。相比传统银浆体系，毛细悬浮液银浆中减少了添加剂的使用，烧结后杂质残留更少，电极线电阻减小，提高了太阳能电池的转换效率。电性能模拟结果显示，与传统银浆体系相比，毛细悬浮液银浆使太阳能电池的填充因子(FF)提高0.15%、光电转化效率(Eta)提高0.03%。本研究为光伏行业的提效降本提供了一种新的可行性方案。

Abstract:

The decline in traditional energy utilization has spurred the rise of renewable green energy as a key driver in contemporary social development. Solar energy， a renewable and clean energy source， offers a number of advantages， including low cost， environmental friendliness， and broad applicability. Currently， the primary method of harnessing solar energy is through solar cells， significantly affecting their overall efficiency. This study explores the preparation and application of front-side silver paste using the theory of capillary suspension. Through material characterization， rheological analysis and screen printing， the formation of capillary suspensions and the effects of component ratios on the rheological properties and grid line morphology of the silver pastes were investigated. Screen printing of capillary suspension silver pastes resulted in printed grids with an average width of 28.62 μm， an average height of 10.53 μm， and an aspect ratio of 0.37. Compared to conventional methods， this approach reduces the utilization of additives， decreases residual impurities after sintering， lowers the line resistance of the electrode， and enhances the conversion efficiency of solar cells. Electrical property simulations of the obtained grid line morphology data revealed that the capillary suspension silver paste increased the fill factor （FF） by 0.15% and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency （Eta） by 0.03%. This study presents a novel approach to improving efficiency and reducing costs in the photovoltaic industry.