镍元素对低温钢组织演变及综合力学性能影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Influence of Nickel on Microstructure Evolution and Comprehensive Mechanical Properties of Low Temperature Steel

摘要:

镍系低温用钢凭借良好的性能成为低成本制造低温液化气储罐用钢的高性能材料。通过梳理镍系低温钢的研发历程，归纳总结了镍系低温钢成分设计中C、Si、Mn、Ni等合金元素对镍系低温钢低温韧性的显微组织的影响，分析了不同热处理工艺对低温钢力学性能的影响。从成分设计、显微组织构成、制备工艺和力学性能优化等角度，揭示了镍元素对低温钢组织性能的影响规律，实现了对其宏观力学性能的“定制”制备。最后，基于现有镍系低温用钢的研究现状，展望了9Ni低温钢的未来发展方向，为我国高品质镍系低温钢研究及应用提供理论支撑。

Abstract:

Nickel-based low temperature steel has become a high-performance material for low cost manufacturing of steel for low-temperature liquefied gas storage tanks due to its good performance. This article surveys the existing studies on nickel-based low temperature steel， summarizes the role of alloying elements such as C， Si， Mn and Ni in the composition design of nickel-based low temperature steel， confirms the reversed austenite is the microstructure that determines the cryogenic toughness of nickel-based low temperature steel， and analyzes the influence of different heat treatment processes on the microstructure and properties of the steel. From the perspectives of component design， microstructure composition， preparation process and mechanical property optimization， the influence of nickel element on the structural properties of low-temperature steel is revealed， and "customized" preparation of its macro-mechanical properties is achieved. Finally， based on the current research status of nickel-based low temperature steel， the future development direction of 9Ni steel is prospected， providing theoretical support for the research and application of high-quality nickel-based low-temperature steel in my country.