铝基可磨耗封严涂层制备及性能评价研究进展

Progress in the Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Aluminum Based Abradable Seal Coating

摘要:

随着航空航天技术的发展，人们对发动机效率的要求越来越高。减小涡轮机叶片尖端与机匣之间的缝隙，有利于发动机效率的提升。叶片尖端与发动机涡轮机机匣之间喷涂可磨耗封严涂层，不仅可封严气路、提高发动机效率，又可以减少对叶片的磨损以保护叶片。对于可磨耗封严涂层而言，可磨耗性是其最重要、最本质的特性。综述了国内外铝基封严涂层的粉末制备、喷涂及可磨耗性能评价的研究现状，分析了粉体形式、喷涂参数对涂层组织的影响，以及涂层表面洛氏硬度、叶尖的进给速率/单道进给量、摩擦线速度等对涂层的可磨耗性能的影响，同时还对海洋环境下铝基封严涂层的腐蚀机理进行研究，指出了机器学习、仿真技术在可磨耗涂层性能预测及性能表征等方面的作用。最后，总结了近年来铝基可磨耗封严涂层的研究进展，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

The development of aerospace technology has brought about increasingly high engine efficiency requirements. Reducing the gap between the turbine blade tip and the magazine has a great impact on engine efficiency. Spraying an abradable seal coatings between the blade tip and the engine turbine magazine can both seal the gas path and improve engine efficiency； reducing wear and tear can also protect the blades. Abrasion resistance is the most important and essential characteristic for wearable sealing coatings. This paper reviews the research status of powder preparation， spraying and wearability evaluation of aluminum-based sealant coatings at home and abroad， and analyses the effects of powder form and spraying parameters on the composition of the coating； as well as the effects of the Rockwell hardness of the coating surface， the feed rate/single-pass feed of the blade tip and the friction line speed on the abradability of the coatings； the corrosion mechanism of aluminum-based sealing coatings in marine environments； it also introduces the role of machine learning and simulation technology in the prediction and characterization of the performance of abradable coatings. The role of machine learning and simulation in the prediction and characterization of wearable coatings is also presented. The research progress of aluminum-based abradable sealing coatings in recent years is summarized， and future research directions are given.