废旧锂电池回收及应用于锌空气电池的研究进展

Research Progress on Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries and Their Application in Zinc-Air Batteries

摘要:

锂离子电池（LIBs），目前广泛应用于便携式电子设备及电动汽车行业中。伴随着经济的高速发展，锂离子电池开始出现退役堆积现象，这导致废弃锂离子电池（SLIBs）成为世界上快速增长且数量最多的固体废物之一。废弃锂离子电池中含有较多的Li、Ni、Mn、Co和石墨等成分，为推动资源的可持续利用及对环境的保护，对废弃锂离子电池的绿色回收再利用迫在眉睫。对近年来废弃锂离子电池正极和负极材料的回收现状展开梳理，介绍了废弃锂离子电池正、负极材料的回收方法及优缺点，并详细探讨了由废弃锂离子电池正、负极材料所制备的用于锌空气电池（ZABs）正极催化剂的再构建策略。为废弃锂离子电池的可持续发展及再利用提供思路，为未来废弃锂离子电池回收领域与锌空气电池领域的结合做了展望，有助于未来更高效地回收废弃锂离子电池并拓展其在锌空气电池等领域的应用。

Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）are now widely used in portable electronic devices as well as in the electric vehicle industry. With the rapid economic development，a large number of used lithium-ion batteries have accumulated，which has caused the spent lithium-ion batteries（SLIBs）to become one of the rapidly growing and most abundant solid wastes in the world. Spent lithium-ion batteries contain Li，Ni，Mn，Co，and graphite. In order to promote the sustainable utilization of resources and environmental protection，the green recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is urgent. In this paper，we present the current recycling status of cathode and anode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries，introduce the recycling methods，advantages and disadvantages of the cathode and anode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries，discuss the reconstruction strategy of cathode catalysts prepared from cathode and anode materials of spent lithium-ion batteries for zinc-air batteries（ZABs）. This paper provides ideas for the sustainable development and reuse of spent lithium-ion batteries，and looks forward to the future combination of spent lithium-ion batteries recycling and zinc-air batteries，which will help to recycle spent lithium-ion batteries more efficiently and expand their applications in the zinc-air batteries field in the future.