无机电致变色材料多波段调控的研究进展

Recent Progress on Inorganic Electrochromic Material with Multi-Band Modulation

摘要:

电致变色是一种在外加电场作用下，材料光学特性发生可逆变化的技术，其调控范围包括从可见光（VIS）到近红外（NIR）、中红外（MIR）及远红外（FIR）的宽光谱波段。基于可见光和近红外波段智能窗技术的发展，建筑物有望实现光线明、暗、冷、暖自由搭配及动态可调的智能应用，显著减轻空调等制冷设备能耗，兼具经济与节能的双赢目标，同时也使其在防眩目后视镜、电子纸等商业领域应用前景广阔。基于红外波段的发射率动态可调，而实现的红外隐身、智能热控等技术，则对军事伪装及空间热管理具有重要的战略意义。综述了无机电致变色材料在可见光、可见光-近红外、中远红外多波段透射及反射特性研究进展，阐明了具有电致红外发射率调控特性材料的结构设计及调控机理，展望了未来无机电致变色材料在多波段领域的研究及应用前景。

Abstract:

Electrochromism is a technology in which the optical properties of materials can be reversibly changed by applying an external electric field. Its modulation range includes a wide spectrum region from the visible band （VIS） to near-infrared （NIR），middle infrared （MIR） and far infrared （FIR）. Based on the development of smart window technology in the visible and near-infrared bands，buildings are expected to realize the intelligent application with free matching and dynamically adjustable "bright"，"dark"，"cold" and "warm" light，significantly reducing the energy consumption of air conditioning and other refrigeration equipment，and achieving a win-win goal of economic and energy conservation. At the same time，it has broad application prospects in commercial fields such as anti-glare rearview mirrors and electronic paper. In addition，technologies such as infrared stealth and intelligent thermal control based on the dynamically adjustable emissivity of the infrared band are of great strategic significance to military camouflage and space thermal management. In this article，the research progress of inorganic electrochromic materials in multi-band transmission and reflection properties of visible light，visible light-near infrared，and mid-far infrared is reviewed. The structural design and control mechanism of materials with electro-infrared emissivity control properties are clarified. The future research and application prospects of inorganic electrochromic materials in multi-band fields are prospected.