电镀Zn-Ni工艺探索及涂层性能的研究

Electroplating Zn-Ni Process Exploration and Some Properties Research

摘要:

现役航空领域钢质紧固件通常使用锌镀层进行防护，该镀层性能较好，但单一锌镀层很难提供更高的抗腐蚀、抗磨损性能。以30CrMnSiA表面电镀Zn-Ni层作为研究对象，分别采用彩色钝化复合处理（ZnNi-C工艺）、ZnNi-A工艺和ZnNi-B工艺制备Zn-Ni镀层，研究工艺参数对Zn-Ni镀层的宏微观形貌、机械及耐环境性能的影响。结果表明：以二乙二胺、三乙醇胺等作为电镀液，彩色钝化复合处理（ZnNi-C工艺）优于ZnNi-A和ZnNi-B工艺；彩色钝化复合处理（ZnNi-C工艺）制备的镀层性能最佳，镀层表面光滑（摩擦系数约0.15），镀层中Ni含量约13.8%（质量分数），镀层耐中性盐雾寿命约1384 h。因此，Zn-Ni镀层可应用于飞机的钢质起落架、紧固件、销钉、碳钢附件等，并且起到腐蚀防护的作用。

Abstract:

Zinc coating is usually used for protecting steel fasteners in the current aviation field. The coating has good performance， but a single zinc coating is difficult to meet the requirement of higher corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Therefore， ZnNi coating on the surface of 30CrMnSiA is taken as the research object. Three kinds of electroplating schemes were designed and the effects of process parameters on the macro and micro morphology， mechanical and environmental resistance of ZnNi coatings were studied. The results show that using diethylenediamine， triethanolamine as electroplating solution and color passivation combined treatment （ZnNi-C process） is better than ZnNi-A and ZnNi-B process， and the coating has the best properties. The coating surface is smooth， the Ni content of the coating is about 13.8 wt.%， the friction coefficient is about 0.15， and the lifetime of neutral salt spray resistance is about 1384 h. The ZnNi coating prepared in this study can be applied to the corrosion protection of steel landing gear， fasteners， pins and carbon steel accessories of aircraft.