低温离子渗氮对16Cr3NiWMoVNb齿轮钢摩擦学性能的影响

Effect of Low Temperature Ion Nitriding on Tribological Properties of 16Cr3NiWMoVNb Gear Steel

摘要:

齿轮作为航空发动机的主要传动部件之一，在服役过程中齿面易发生磨损失效，无法完全满足航空发动机的需求，因此采用表面处理的方法来提高航空齿轮钢磨损性能。对16Cr3NiWMoVNb齿轮钢表面进行低温离子渗氮处理，通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线电子能谱仪等分析了不同电压对其表面组成及结构、硬度、摩擦学和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：等离子渗氮处理后在16Cr3NiWMoVNb齿轮钢表面形成了间隙固溶体，经900 V电压渗氮处理后的表面硬度由原来的269 HV提高到325 HV，且渗氮后的样品截面硬度呈现下降的趋势，其磨损率相比原样品降低了近50%；在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中，渗氮后试样的阳极极化曲线呈现出活化溶解、自钝化等特征，经850 V电压处理后腐蚀电位由未渗氮的-726.18 mV提高至-410.68 mV，耐腐蚀性能得到显著改善。因此，对航空用齿轮钢，采用低温离子渗氮表面处理的方法可提高其耐磨性和耐腐蚀性。

Abstract:

As one of the main transmission parts in aero-engine， gear is prone to wear and failure in service， which can not fully meet the needs of the next generation aero-engine. Therefore， surface treatment is usually used to improve the wear performance of gear steel. In this study， the 16Cr3NiWMoVNb gear steel was treated by ion nitriding at low temperature. The effects of different voltages on its surface compositions， structures， hardness， tribology and corrosion resistance were systematically analyzed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray electron spectroscopy. The results showed that the interstitial solid solutionwas formed on the surface of 16Cr3NiWMoVNb gear steel after plasma nitriding. The surface hardness of increased from 269 HV to 325 HV after 900 V nitriding， and its wear rate decreased by nearly 50% compared with that of the original sample. After 850 V nitriding treatment， the corrosion potential increased from -726.18 mV to -410.68 mV， and the corrosion resistance was significantly improved. Thus， low temperature ion nitriding is a potential method to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of the gear steel.