阻尼减振技术在航空航天领域中的研究进展

Research Progress of Damping and Vibration Reduction Technology Used in Aerospace

摘要:

阻尼减振降噪技术是抑制结构共振和降低结构噪声效能最优的方法，主要包括研制和采用阻尼材料、设计和采用阻尼减振结构、设计和布置传感器三种途径。实验是研究阻尼性能最有效的方法，阐述了四种常见阻尼材料的阻尼机理，以及阻尼减振性能测试的方法，介绍了航空航天领域中应用较多的阻尼结构，以及阻尼器的性能表征，并对其减振效果进行了评价。最后，提出了未来关于阻尼减振研究的发展需求。

Abstract:

Damping vibration reduction and noise reduction technology is the best method to suppress structural resonance and reduce structural noise performance. It mainly includes three effective methods： developing and adopting damping materials， designing and adopting damping and vibration reduction structures， and designing and arranging sensors. The experimental method is the most effective method to study damping performance， and there are mainly four kinds of commonly used experimental methods. The damping mechanisms of four common damping materials and the performance characterization are introduced. The performance characterization of vibration-damping structures and dampers widely used in aerospace field are elaborated， and evaluates their vibration reduction effects. Finally， the development needs of future research on damping and vibration reduction are proposed.