全纤维基柔性非对称超级电容器的构建与性能研究

Construction of All Fiber-Based Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitors and Their Performance Research

摘要:

随着可穿戴电子产品需求的不断增长，开发高储能性能且机械稳定性优异的柔性电荷存储设备非常必要。采用简易电沉积法，在柔性的单簇碳纤维（CF）上制备了全纤维基聚苯胺(PANI)和WO₃正负极，并匹配成全纤维基柔性非对称超级电容器(ASCs)。结果表明：当扫描速率为10 mV?s^-1时，沉积时间为20 min的纳米蠕虫状CF@PANI正极的长度比电容为15.17 mF?cm^-1，而沉积时间为5 min的CF@WO₃纳米绒毛负极的长度比电容为37.06 mF?cm^-1；将二者匹配制成准固态ASCs，该电容器显示出优异的电化学性能及机械稳定性，其长度比电容高达3.89 mF?cm^-1，并且具有优异的倍率性能；此外，这种纤维状的储能器件具有优异的力学稳定性，以任何角度进行弯曲或缠绕，其仍能保持电容性能稳定。由于该纤维状器件是基于碳布纤维，所以很容易将其缝制于衣物中作为可穿戴的储能纺织品。综上，这种新型的全纤维基ASCs在未来可穿戴电子设备的应用中具有巨大潜力。

Abstract:

With the increasing demand for wearable electronic products， it is necessary to develop flexible energy storage devices with high capacity and excellent mechanical stability. In this paper， all-fiber based polyaniline （PANI） and WO₃ electrodes were prepared on a single cluster of flexible carbon fiber （CF） by a simple electrodeposition method， and then fabricated into all-fiber flexible asymmetric supercapacitors （ASCs）. The results show that under the scan rate of 10 mV?s^-1， the length ratio capacitance of the CF@PANI nanoworm positive electrode deposited for 20 min is 15.17 mF?cm^-1， and the CF@WO₃ nanonap negative electrode with a deposition time of 5 min is 37.06 mF?cm^-1. The quasi-solid ASCs showed excellent electrochemical performance and mechanical stability， with a length capacitance of up to 3.89 mF?cm^-1 and excellent rate performance. In addition， the fiber energy storage device has excellent mechanical stability and can be bent or twisted at any angle while maintaining the capacitance stability. Because the fiber is based on carbon fabric， it can be easily knitted into clothes as a wearable energy storage textile. In conclusion， this type of all-fiber based ASCs has great potential for future wearable electronics applications.