二维碳化钛/多孔碳纤维的制备及性能研究

Preparation and Properties of Two Dimensional Titanium Carbide/Porous Carbon Fibers

摘要:

以聚丙烯腈（PAN）为碳源，聚苯乙烯微球为造孔剂，采用静电纺丝法合成二维碳化钛/PAN复合纤维（MXene/PAN Fibers），通过焙烧处理后得到二维碳化钛/多孔碳纤维（Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF）复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、比表面分析仪及电化学工作站等对其进行微观结构表征和电化学性能测试。结果表明：Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF复合材料的比表面积为294 m2·g^-1，孔径分布集中在50~100 nm之间，少层Ti₃C₂T_x纳米薄片锚定在碳纤维中；Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF作为电极材料具有优异的电化学性能，在1 A·g^-1的电流密度下比容量为292 F·g^-1，当电流密度升至10 A·g^-1时其比容量仍高达169 F·g^-1，这主要得益于复合多孔碳纤维具有优良的电化学阻抗特性。因此，二维碳化钛/多孔碳纤维（Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF）复合材料在过滤、吸波以及催化等方面具有极大的发展潜力。

Abstract:

Two-dimensional titanium carbide/PAN composite fibers （MXene/PAN Fibers） were synthesized by electrospinning using polyacrylonitrile （PAN） as carbon source and polystyrene microspheres as pore-forming agent. Titanium carbide/PAN composite fibers （Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF） were characterized by SEM， XRD， TEM， BET and their electrochemical properties were tested. The results show that the specific surface area of Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF composite reaches 294 m2·g^-1， and the pore size distribution is concentrated between 50 and 100 nm. The few-layer of Ti₃C₂T_x nanosheets are anchored in carbon fibers. As an electrode material， Ti₃C₂T_x/PCNF has excellent electrochemical properties， up to 292 F·g^-1 at a current density of 1 A·g^-1 and maintaining 169 F·g^-1 even at a current density of 10 A·g^-1. Moreover， thanks to the excellent electrical conductivity of Ti₃C₂T_x， the composite porous carbon fiber has very good electrochemical impedance characteristics. This porous carbon-based composite material has good development potential in filtration， wave absorption and catalysis.