Zr含量对工业纯铝组织及性能的影响

Effect of Zr Content on Microstructure and Properties of Commercial Pure Aluminum

摘要:

为了发展高性能耐热铝锆合金，采用重力铸造和热挤压方法制备了4种不同成分的铝锆合金，利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸机和导电仪等测试手段表征铝锆合金的组织和性能，研究了Zr含量（质量分数0.05%~0.2%）对工业纯铝的组织及性能的影响规律。结果表明：Zr含量较少时，对合金组织细化效果显著；随着Zr含量的增加，对合金组织细化效果衰退，并且出现粗大的Al₃Zr相；当Zr含量为0.1%时，合金的拉伸性能最优，{100}面织构最弱，对立方织构抑制效果最强；未加入Zr时，导电率最高，Zr含量为0.05%时，导电率次之，耐热性能最好。

Abstract:

In order to develop high-performance heat resistant aluminum zirconium alloy， four kinds of aluminum alloys with different Zr contents were prepared by gravity casting and hot extrusion. The effect of Zr （0.05~0.2wt.%） on the microstructure and properties of pure industrial aluminum was studied by optical microscope， scanning electron microscope， tensile machine， and conductometer. The results show that when the Zr content is low， the microstructure refinement effect is remarkable. With the increase of Zr content， the refinement effect declines， and the coarse Al₃Zr phase appears. When the Zr content is 0.1wt.%， the alloy has the best tensile properties， and the texture of the ｛100｝ plane is the weakest， which has the strongest effect on the inhibition of cubic texture. When Zr is not added， the alloy has the highest conductivity. When Zr content is 0.05wt.%， the electrical conductivity of the alloy ranks second， and the heat resistance is best.