基底材料改性增强钾金属负极电池的研究进展

Recent Progress of Structured Anode Modification for Potassium Metal Battery

摘要:

钾金属负极由于具有较大的理论能量密度（687 mA?h/g）、更低的化学电位（-2.93 V）及使用钾金属更为简单等优势，在众多的钾离子电池负极材料中备受关注．但目前仍有许多问题有待克服，例如较大的体积膨胀、极高的反应活性、严重的枝晶生长及不稳定的界面等，这些特性极大影响电池的性能及其安全性．为此，研究者们采取了许多不同的策略和方法去改善这些问题．综述了近年来基于基底材料改性增强钾金属负极电池的策略，并分析了通过基底材料改性而实现抑制钾金属枝晶生长的关键要素．同时，对提升钾金属负极电化学性能的机理进行了进一步讨论，并在此基础上了对钾金属负极的下一步研究进行了分析与展望．

Abstract:

Potassium （K） metal anode has attracted much attention among all the K-ion battery anode materials due to its larger theoretical energy density （687mA?h/g）， lower chemical potential （-2.93 V） and easier use of K metal. However， there are still many shortcomings to overcome at present， including large volume expansion， extremely high reactivity， severe dendrite growth， and an unstable interface， etc. These characteristics greatly affect the performance and safety K metal battery （KMB）. Therefore， researchers adopted many different strategies to solve these crucial issues. This review mainly summarizes the recent strategies of inhibiting K dendrite growth and improving KMB’s electrochemical performance. Based on the previous analysis， we summarize the strategies of base material modification to enhance KMB’s performance and analyze the crucial factors of inhibiting the growth of K metal dendrite by the material modification. This review also further discusses the mechanism of these strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of the K metal anode. In addition， we also make some analyses and prospects for the research of the next stage for KMBs.